Module 1: Introduction

• First read this page then start coding module and answering the exercise questions with the GitHub classroom link below.
• Github Classroom Link: https://classroom.github.com/a/ZZKBGi4j

Objectives

The goal of this module is to compile and run your first C++ program.

Table of Contents

• Hello World in C++
• Compiling and executing on Unix
• Exercise 1
• Exercise 2

Hello World in C++

Here is the classic Hello World program in C++:

// This program outputs the message “Hello, World!”
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
	cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;
	return 0;
}

The #include is a preprocessor directive to load the iostream library.

Execution starts in a function called main. There are other signatures for main that include arguments to the main function as we will see. The return type here is int, which specifies that an integer will be returned by the main function.

The name cout refers to the standard output stream and along with its output operator << the string “Hello, World!” is put into the character output stream and will appear on the screen.

The name endl is the newline character that will be also added to the character output.

Compiling and executing on Unix

The program above is a plain text file, as in any programming language.

The file extension needs to be .cpp.

The file name need not be hello.

To compile:

g++ hello.cpp -o hello

This produces an executable called hello which can be executed as:

./hello

The compiler options (switches):

• The simplest form on invoking the g++ compiler is:

	g++ hello.cpp 

• This produces an executable called a.out (by tradition). This is an abbreviated form of “assembler output”.
• The -o option lets you specify the name of the executable.

Exercise 1:

• Remove the << endl from hello.cpp but keep the ; semicolon at the end of the line and see what happens. Recompile and run.

• Describe what happened. Put your answer in the README.md file in your GitHub repository.

Exercise 2:

• The following program should not compile. Fix it and explain why.

using namespace std;

int main() 
{
	cout << "Why oh why does this program fail to compile?!?!" << endl;
    
	return 0;
}

• Describe the error and explain the fix. Put your answer in the README.md file in your GitHub repository.

• Fix the code in fixme.cpp